±³È¸ÀÇ ¹«·ù¼º(Ùí×½àõ, The Infallibility of the
Church)
¹«·ù¼ºÀ̶õ ¿À·ù¿¡ ºüÁö´Â °ÍÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÔÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. Àû±ØÀûÀÎ ¹«·ù¼º°ú ¼öµ¿ÀûÀÎ ¹«·ù¼ºÀ¸·Î ºÐ·ùµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀüÀÚ´Â ±³È¸ÀÇ »ç¸ñÀÚµéÀÌ ±³µµ±ÇÀ» Çà»çÇÔ¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̸ç, ÈÄÀÚ´Â ½Å¾ÓÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ½ÅÀÚµé Àüü°¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÔ¿¡ °ü°èµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ µÎ °¡Áö´Â
¼·Î ¿øÀΰú °á°úÀÇ °ü°è·Î½á ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡¼´Â ÁÖ·Î Àû±ØÀûÀÎ ¹«·ù¼º¿¡ °üÇؼ ´Ù·ç±â·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
1.
¹«·ù¼º
½Å¾Ó°ú µµ´ö¿¡ °üÇÑ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ±³È¸ÀÇ ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀÎ °áÁ¤Àº ¹«·ùÀûÀÌ´Ù (In the final decision on
doctrines concerning faith and morals the Church is infallible). (De fide, Áï ÀÌ´Â
¹ÏÀ» ±³¸®ÀÓ)
(Á¦1Â÷) ¹ÙÆ¼Ä °øÀÇȸ´Â ±³È²ÀÇ ¹«·ù¼ºÀ» Á¤ÀÇÇÏ¸é¼ ±³È¸ÀÇ ¹«·ù¼ºÀ» ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¼±¾ðÇÏ¿´´Ù: "·Î¸¶ ±³È²ÀÌ
(±³È²ÁÂÀÇ) ±ÇÀ§·Î½á(ex cathedra) ¼±¾ðÇÒ ¶§, ½ÅÀûÀÎ ±¸¼ÓÀÚ(the Divine Redeemer)²²¼´Â ´ç½ÅÀÇ ±³È¸°¡ ½Å¾Ó ¶Ç´Â
µµ´ö¿¡ °üÇÑ ±³¸®¸¦ Á¤ÀÇÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¹«·ù¼ºÀ» Áö´Ï±â¸¦ ¼·¸®Çϼ̴Ù" (DS #3074).
ÇÁ·ÎÅ×½ºÅºÆ® °³ÇõÀÚµé(the
Reformers)Àº ÀÌ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ¹Ý´ëÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥, ±×µéÀº ±³°è Á¦µµ(the hierarchy)¸¦ ¹è°ÝÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±³È¸ÀÇ ±ÇÀ§Àû ±³µµ(ÎçÓô)ÀÇ
±â´É(the authoritative teaching function of the Church)À» ºÎÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Çö´ëÁÖÀÇÀÚµé(the
Modernists)Àº ±³È¸ÀÇ ½ÅÀû ¼³¸³(the Divine institution of the Church)À» ºÎÁ¤ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, µû¶ó¼ ±³È¸ÀÇ
¹«·ù¼ºµµ ¹è°ÝÇÏ¿´´Ù.
±×¸®½ºµµ²²¼´Â ´ç½ÅÀÇ »çµµµéÀÌ °¡¸£Ä¡´Â ÀÓ¹«¸¦ ¿Ï¼öÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØÁֽñâ À§ÇÏ¿© ¼º·É²²¼ µµ¿ì½Ç °ÍÀÓÀ»
¾à¼ÓÇϼ̴Ù: "³»°¡ ¾Æ¹öÁö²² ±¸ÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç, ¾Æ¹öÁö²²¼´Â ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ¶Ç ÇÑ ºÐÀÇ À§·ÎÀÚ(another Paraclete), Áï Áø¸®ÀÇ ¿µ(the
Spirit of Truth)¸¦ º¸³»½Ã¾î, ³ÊÈñ¿Í ¿µ¿øÈ÷ ÇÔ²² °è½Ãµµ·Ï ÇÏ½Ç °ÍÀÌ´Ù" (¿äÇÑ 14:16). "º¸¶ó, ³»°¡ ¼¼»ó ³¡³¯ ¶§±îÁö Ç×»ó
³ÊÈñ¿Í ÇÔ²² ÀÖ³ë¶ó" (¸¶Å¿À 28:20). (¶ÇÇÑ, ¿äÇÑ 14:26, 16:13, »çµµÇàÀü 1:8) ±×¸®½ºµµ¿Í ¼º·ÉÀÇ Ç×±¸ÀûÀÎ µµ¿ì½ÉÀº
»çµµµé°ú ±×µéÀÇ ÈÄ°èÀڵ鿡 ÀÇÇÑ ½Å¾ÓÀÇ ÀüÆÄ°¡ ¼ø¼öÇÏ¸ç ¿ÏÀüÇÒ °ÍÀÓÀ» º¸ÁõÇØ ÁØ´Ù. ±×¸®½ºµµ²²¼´Â »çµµµé°ú ±×µéÀÇ ÈÄ°èÀڵ鿡 ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¼±Æ÷µÇ´Â
½Å¾Ó¿¡ (½ÅÀÚµéÀÌ) ÀüÀûÀÎ ¼øÁ¾À» ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇϽŴ٠(·Î¸¶¼ 1:5 ÂüÁ¶). ±×¸®°í, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¿µ¿øÇÑ ±¸¿øÀÌ ±×¿Í °°Àº ½Å¾Ó¿¡ ´Þ·ÁÀÖÀ½À» ¾Ë·Á
ÁֽŴÙ: "¹Ï°í ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ¹Þ´Â ÀÚ´Â ±¸¿øµÉ °ÍÀÌÁö¸¸, ¹ÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚ´Â ´ÜÁ赃 °ÍÀÌ´Ù" (¸¶¸£²¿ 16:16). ±×¸®½ºµµ²²¼´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ´ç½Å°ú »çµµµé ¹×
±×µéÀÇ ÈÄ°èÀÚµéÀ» µ¿ÀϽÃÇϽŴÙ: "³ÊÈñÀÇ ¸»À» µè´Â ÀÌ´Â ³ªÀÇ ¸»À» µè´Â °ÍÀ̸ç, ³ÊÈñ¸¦ ¹«½ÃÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â ³ª¸¦ ¹«½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù" (·ç±î
10:16, ¶ÇÇÑ ¸¶Å¿À 10:40, ¿äÇÑ 13:20 ÂüÁ¶). ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸»¾¸Àº »çµµµé°ú ±×µéÀÇ ÈÄ°èÀÚµéÀÌ ½Å¾ÓÀ» ¼±Æ÷ÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ¿À·ùÀÇ
À§ÇèÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ º¸È£µÉ °ÍÀÓÀ» ÀüÁ¦·Î ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¼º ¹Ù¿À·Î´Â ±³È¸ ¾È¿¡ "Áø¸®ÀÇ ±âµÕ°ú Åä´ë(the pillar and the ground of
the truth)"(Ƽ¸ðµ¥¿À Àü 3:15)°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» º¸¾Ò´Ù. ½Å¾ÓÀÇ ¼±Æ÷¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ÀÇ ¹«·ù¼ºÀº ±³È¸ÀÇ ÀÏÄ¡¼º°ú ºÒÆı«¼º(ÝÕ÷òÎÕàõ)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀüÁ¦°¡
µÈ´Ù (The infallibility of the promulgation of faith is a presupposition of the
unity and of the indestructibility of the Church).
°ÅÁþ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇÏ¿© ½Î¿ü´ø ±³ºÎµéÀº
±³È¸°¡ »çµµµé¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÀüÇØ ³»·Á¿À´Â Áø¸®¸¦ Ç×»ó ¿Ö°îµÊÀÌ ¾øÀÌ º¸ÀüÇØ¿ÔÀ¸¸ç ¶Ç ¾ðÁ¦±îÁö³ª º¸ÀüÇÒ °ÍÀÓÀ» °Á¶ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼º ÀÌ·¹³×¿ì½º´Â ±×³ë½Ã½º
ÆÄÀÇ ¿À·ù¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇÏ¿©, ±³È¸ ¾È¿¡´Â õÁÖ ¼º·É, Áï Áø¸®ÀÇ ¿µÀÌ °è½Ã±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±³È¸ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§Àº Ç×»ó °°À½À» °Á¶ÇÏ¿´´Ù: "±³È¸°¡ ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡
ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ ¿µÀÌ °è½Ã¸ç, ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ ¿µÀÌ °è½Ã´Â °÷¿¡ ±³È¸¿Í ¸ðµç ÀºÃÑÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±× ¿µÀº °ð Áø¸®À̽ôÙ" (Adv. haer. III 24, I).
±³È¸´Â "Áø¸®ÀÇ Áý(the house of the truth)À̸ç, ¿À·ù´Â ±× ÁýÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ £¿°Ü³´Ù (III 24, 2). »çµµµéÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ
¿Ö°îµÊÀÌ ¾øÀÌ ÀüÇØÁö´Â °ÍÀº ÁÖ±³µé¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ´ÜÀý¾ø´Â »çµµ °è½Â¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ º¸ÀåµÈ´Ù. "ÁÖ±³µéÀº ÁÖ±³Á÷ÀÇ °è½Â¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ÀÇ ¼ººÎ²²¼ ¿øÇϽɿ¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇÏ¿©
Áø¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æ¯Àº(charisma of the truth)À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù" (IV 26, 2) (¶ÇÇÑ ÅÍƲ¸®¾ð, De praesc. 28; ¼º
Ä¡ÇÁ¸®¾ð Ep. 59.7 ÂüÁ¶)
2. ¹«·ù¼ºÀÇ ´ë»ó
a) ¹«·ù¼ºÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ´ë»óÀº ½Å¾Ó°ú µµ´ö¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© Å©¸®½ºÃ® °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ
Á¤½ÄÀ¸·Î °è½ÃµÈ Áø¸®µéÀÌ´Ù (The primary object of the Infallibility is the formally revealed
truths of Christian Doctrine concerning faith and morals). (DS #3074) (De fide)
±³È¸´Â ¼º¼ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ ¹× ¼ºÀüÀÇ Áõ¾ðµéÀ» Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ¼±¾ðÇÏ°í ½Å°æ(ãáÌè)µéÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÔ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ¸¸ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, °è½ÃÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ¹Ý´ëµÇ´Â
¿À·ùµéÀ» ¹àÈ÷°í ¹èôÇÔ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼµµ °è½ÃÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ¸í¹éÈ÷ Á¦½ÃÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê°í¼´Â ±³È¸°¡ "ÇÏ´À´ÔÀÇ °è½ÃµÈ ¸»¾¸ÀÇ º¸È£ÀÚ¿ä ±³»ç·Î¼ÀÇ ÀÓ¹«¸¦
Ãæ½ÇÈ÷ ¼öÇàÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù" (DS #3012, 3018).
b) ¹«·ù¼ºÀÇ 2Â÷ÀûÀÎ ´ë»óÀº ½Å¾Ó°ú µµ´ö¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© Á¤½ÄÀ¸·Î
°è½ÃµÇÁö´Â ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, °è½ÃµÈ °¡¸£Ä§°ú ¹ÐÁ¢ÇÑ °ü°è¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â Å©¸®½ºÃ® °¡¸£Ä§ÀÇ Áø¸®µéÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ °¡¸£Ä§Àº "°Å·èÇÑ ½Å¾ÓÀÇ À¯»êÀ»
º¸Á¸ÇÏ¸ç ¿Ã¹Ù·Î Çؼ®ÇÔ"(DS #3069)À» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â ¹«·ù¼ºÀÇ ±³¸®·ÎºÎÅÍ ÇÊ¿¬ÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎ¼öµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±³È¸°¡ °è½Ã¿Í ¹ÐÁ¢È÷ ¿¬°üµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â
°¡¸£Ä§µé°ú Á¶Ä¡µé¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¹«·ùÀûÀ¸·Î °áÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù¸é, ±× ¸ñÀûÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ Á¡¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ±³È¸´Â Áø¸®¸¦ ¼±Æ÷ÇÏ´Â Àû±ØÀûÀÎ
¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇϰųª, ¶Ç´Â Áø¸®¿¡ ¹Ý´ëµÇ´Â ¿À·ù¸¦ ´ÜÁËÇÏ´Â ºÎÁ¤Àû(ÜúïÒîÜ)ÀÎ ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±ÇÇÑÀ» Çà»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹«·ù¼ºÀÇ
2Â÷ÀûÀÎ ´ë»óµé¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â °ÍµéÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù: (1) Á¤½ÄÀ¸·Î °è½ÃµÈ Áø¸®·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀÎ ³í¸®¿¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇÏ¿© ³»·ÁÁø ½ÅÇÐÀû °á·Ðµé; (2) °è½Ã
Áø¸®ÀÇ È®½Ç¼ºÀÌ ÀÇÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¿ª»çÀûÀÎ »ç½Çµé (facta dogmatica); (3) °è½Ã Áø¸®¿Í ¹ÐÁ¢ÇÏ°Ô °ü·ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀÎ Áø¸®µé;
(4) ½Ã¼º(ãÍá¡), Áï ±³È¸ÀÇ ¾î´À ±¸¼º¿øÀÌ ¿µ¿øÇÑ º¹¶ô¿¡ µé¾î°¬À¸¸ç µû¶ó¼ º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ °ø°æÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÈ´Ù¶ó°í ÇÏ´Â ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀÎ ÆÇ´Ü. ¼º Å丶½º
¾ÆÄû³ª½º´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù: "¼ºÀε鿡°Ô µå¸®´Â °ø°æÀº ¾î´À Á¤µµ±îÁö´Â ½Å¾ÓÀÇ °í¹éÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Áï ¼ºÀεéÀÇ ¿µ±¤À» ¿ì¸®°¡ ¹Ï´Â´Ù¶ó°í
°í¹éÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù" (Quodl. 9, 16). ¸¸¾à ±³È¸°¡ ½Ã¼ºÀÇ ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ Æ²¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ±×·Î ÀÎÇÑ °á°ú´Â ±³È¸ÀÇ ¼º¼º(á¡àõ)¿¡
ºÎÇÕµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
3. ´©°¡ ¹«·ù¼ºÀ» Áö´Ï´Â°¡?
¹«·ù¼ºÀ» ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÏ´Â ºÐµéÀº ±³È²°ú, Àüü ÁÖ±³´ÜÀÇ À¸¶äÀÎ ±³È²À»
Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â Àüü ÁÖ±³´ÜÀÌ´Ù.
a) ±³È² (The Pope)
±³È²Àº ±³È²ÁÂÀÇ ±ÇÀ§·Î½á ¼±¾ðÇÒ ¶§¿¡ ¹«·ùÀûÀÌ´Ù (The Pope
is infallible when he speaks ex cathera). (De fide)
b) Àüü ÁÖ±³´Ü (The whole
Episcopate)
ÁÖ±³µé Àüü´Â ±×µéÀÌ º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ °øÀÇȸ¿¡ ¸ð¿© Àְųª ¶Ç´Â Àü ¼¼°è¿¡ Èð¾îÁ® Àְųª °£¿¡, ¸ðµç ½ÅÀÚµéÀÌ ¹Ï¾î¾ß ÇÒ
½Å¾Ó°ú µµ´öÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ¼±¾ðÇÒ ¶§ ¹«·ùÀûÀÌ´Ù (The totality of the Bishops is infallible, when they,
either assembled in general council or scattered over the earth, propose a
teaching of faith or morals as one to be held by all the faithful). (De
fide)
Æ®·»Æ® °øÀÇȸ´Â ÁÖ±³µéÀÌ »çµµµéÀÇ ÈÄ°èÀÚÀÓÀ» °¡¸£Ä£´Ù (DS #1768). »çµµµéÀÇ ÈÄ°èÀÚµé·Î¼ ÁÖ±³µéÀº ½ÅÀÚµéÀÇ
»ç¸ñÀÚµéÀÌ¸ç ±³»çµéÀÌ´Ù (DS #3061). ½Å¾ÓÀÇ Á¤½Ä ±³»çµé·Î¼, ÁÖ±³µéÀº ±³È¸ÀÇ ±³µµ±ÇÀ» ¸Ã¾ÆÀÖ´Â À̵鿡°Ô º¸ÀåµÇ´Â Àû±ØÀûÀÎ ¹«·ù¼ºÀ»
ºÎ¿©¹Þ¾Æ ÀÖ´Ù.
Àüü ÁÖ±³´ÜÀÇ ±³µµ±ÇÀÇ Çà»ç(ú¼ÞÅ)´Â µÎ °¡Áö·Î ºÐ·ùµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù: Ư¼öÇÑ ¹æ½Ä°ú Æò»óÀûÀÎ
¹æ½ÄÀÌ´Ù.
(1) ÁÖ±³µéÀº °øÀÇȸ¿¡¼ Ư¼öÇÑ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ¹«·ùÀûÀÎ ±³µµ±ÇÀ» Çà»çÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®½ºµµ²²¼ ¼³¸³ÇϽŠÀüü ±³°è Á¦µµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä¡´Â
È°µ¿ÀÌ °¡Àå °áÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î Çà»çµÇ´Â °ÍÀº °øÀÇȸ¿¡¼ÀÇ °áÁ¤µé¿¡ ÀÇÇؼÀÌ´Ù.
°øÀÇȸµéÀÇ °áÁ¤µéÀÌ ¹«·ùÀûÀÌ´Ù¶ó°í ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº °¡Àå
Ãʱâ·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ÇÑ°á°°Àº ±³È¸ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À̾ú´Ù. ¼º ¾ÆŸ³ª½Ã¿ì½º(St. Athanasius)°¡ ´ÏÄÉ¾Æ °øÀÇȸ(the Nicene Council)¿¡
ÀÇÇÑ ½Å¾Ó¿¡ °üÇÑ Ä¢·É¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»ÇÏ¿´´Ù: "´ÏÄÉ¾Æ °øÀÇȸ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ ¼±Æ÷µÈ ÁÖ´ÔÀÇ ¸»¾¸Àº ¿µ¿øÈ÷ ³²¾Æ ÀÖÀ¸¸®¶ó" (Ep. ad Afros
2). ´ë¼º ±×·¹°í¸®¿À 1¼¼ ±³È²Àº 4ȸ¿¡ °ÉÄ£ ù °øÀÇȸµéÀ» 4º¹À½ ¸¸ÅÀ̳ª ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ°í Á¸ÁßÇÏ¿´´Ù.
ÁÖ±³È¸ÀÇ°¡ º¸ÆíÀûÀ̱â À§Çؼ´Â, Áï
°øÀÇȸÀ̱â À§Çؼ´Â ´ÙÀ½ Á¶°ÇµéÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù: (i) Àü ¼¼°èÀÇ ¸ðµç ÇöÁ÷ ÁÖ±³µéÀÌ ÃÊûµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù; (ii) ȸÀÇ¿¡ Âü¼®ÇÏ´Â ¸¹Àº ÁÖ±³µéÀÌ
°¢Áö¿¡¼ ¿ÈÀ¸·Î½á ±×µéÀÌ Àüü ÁÖ±³´ÜÀ» ´ëÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù¶ó°í °£ÁÖµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù; (iii) ±³È²ÀÌ °øÀÇȸ¸¦ ¼ÒÁýÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¶Ç´Â ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ °øÀÇȸ¿¡
±³È² ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±ÇÀ§¸¦ À§ÀÓÇϸç, Ä£È÷ Âü¼®ÇÏ¿© ÁÖ°üÇϰųª ´ë¸®ÀÎÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ÁÖ°üÇϸç, °áÁ¤µéÀ» ÀÎÁØÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù; ±³È²¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¸í½ÃÀû ¶Ç´Â ¾Ï½ÃÀûÀÎ
ÀÎÁØÀÌ ÀÖÀ½À¸·Î½á °øÀÇȸÀÇ °áÁ¤µéÀÌ º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ ±¸¼Ó·ÂÀ» °¡Áö°Ô µÈ´Ù.
8ȸ¿¡ °ÉÄ£ ù °øÀÇȸµéÀº ·Î¸¶ ȲÁ¦¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¼ÒÁýµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ȲÁ¦´Â
¸í¿¹ ȸÀåÁ÷À» ¸Ã¾Ò°í ȸÀǸ¦ º¸È£ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Á¦2Â÷¿Í Á¦5Â÷ °øÀÇȸ´Â ±³È²ÀÇ Çù·ÂÀ̳ª ´ë¸®ÀÎ ¾øÀÌ ¿·È´Ù. ±× ȸÀǵéÀÌ ¼ÒÁýµÈ ¹æ½Ä°ú Âü¼®ÀÚµéÀÇ
¹è°æÀ» º¸¸é, ±× ȸÀǵéÀº µ¿¹æ(the Orient)ÀÇ Àüü ȸÀÇÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» ¶ç´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ±× ȸÀǵ鿡¼ÀÇ ±³¸®¿¡ °üÇÑ °áÁ¤µéÀÌ Àüü
±³È¸¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ ÃßÈÄ·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÊÀ¸·Î½á °øÀÇȸÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» ȹµæÇÏ¿´´Ù.
(2) ÁÖ±³µéÀº Àڱ⠱³±¸µé ¾È¿¡¼ ±³È²°úÀÇ Á¤½ÅÀûÀÎ ÀÏÄ¡ ¾È¿¡¼
½Å¾Ó°ú µµ´ö¿¡ °üÇÑ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °¡¸£Ä§À» À̱¸µ¿¼ºÀ¸·Î ¼±¾ðÇÒ ¶§ Æò»óÀûÀÎ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ±×µéÀÇ ¹«·ùÀûÀÎ ±³µµ±ÇÀ» Çà»çÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. (Á¦1Â÷) ¹ÙÆ¼Ä °øÀÇȸ´Â
±³È¸ÀÇ Æò»óÀûÀÌ¸ç º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ ±³µµ±Ç¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ °¡¸£ÃÄÁö´Â °è½Ã Áø¸®µéµµ "½ÅÀûÀÌ¸ç °¡Å縯ÀûÀÎ ½Å¾Ó¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ" È®°íÈ÷ ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©Á®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¶ó°í ¸í¹éÈ÷
¼±¾ðÇÏ¿´´Ù (DS #3011). ±×·¯³ª, ±³È¸ÀÇ Æò»óÀûÀÌ¸ç º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ ±³µµ±ÇÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯ÀÚµéÀº Àü ¼¼°è¿¡ Èð¾îÁ®ÀÖ´Â Àüü ÁÖ±³´ÜÀÇ ±¸¼º¿øµéÀÌ´Ù. ±³¸®¿¡
°üÇÏ¿© ÁÖ±³µéÀÌ ÀÏÄ¡µÇ´Â°¡ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±×µéÀÌ ¹ßÇàÇÑ ±³¸®¼µé, ±×µéÀÇ »ç¸ñ ¼Çѵé, ±×µéÀÌ Àΰ¡ÇÑ ±âµµ¼µé, ±×¸®°í, Áö¿ª ÁÖ±³ ȸÀǵéÀÇ °áÁ¤
»çÇ×µéÀ» »ìÆ캽À¸·Î½á ÆÇ´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÇ¹Ì »ó ¹× º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ ÀÏÄ¡¸é ÃæºÐÇÏ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, Àüü ÁÖ±³´ÜÀÇ ÃÖ°í À¸¶äÀÎ ±³È²°úÀÇ ¸í½ÃÀû ¹× ¾Ï½ÃÀû
ÀÏÄ¡°¡ ÇʼöÀûÀÌ´Ù. °³º° ±³±¸ÀÇ ÁÖ±³°¡ ½Å¾ÓÀ» ¼±¾ðÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â ¹«·ùÀûÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ±³È¸ÀÇ ¿ª»ç´Â, ÁÖ±³´ÜÀÇ °³º° ±¸¼º¿øµéÀÌ (¿¹¸¦ µé¸é,
Æ÷Ƽ´©½º(Photinus), ³×½ºÅ丮¿ì½º(Nestorius) µî) ¿À·ù¿Í ÀÌ´Ü¿¡ ºüÁ³À½À» º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀüÅë¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ³»·Á¿À°í ÀÖ´Â ½Å¾ÓÀÇ
°¡¸£Ä§À» ¼ø¼öÇÏ°Ô º¸Á¸Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© Àüü ÁÖ±³´ÜÀÇ °øµ¿ÀûÀÎ ¹«·ù¼ºÀ̸é ÃæºÐÇÏ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, °³º°ÀûÀÎ ÁÖ±³´Â Àڱ⠱³±¸¿¡ °üÇÑ »ç¾Èµé¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ
Á÷ºÐ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ(authentic), Áï À¯±ÇÀûÀÎ(authoritative) ½Å¾ÓÀÇ ±³»çÀÌ´Ù. ´Ü, ±×°¡ »çµµÁ¿ÍÀÇ ÀÏÄ¡¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â ÇÑ
±×·¯Çϸç, ±³È¸ÀÇ º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ Ãæ½ÇÇÏ´Â ÇÑ ±×·¯ÇÏ´Ù (The individual Bishop, in what concerns his own
diocese is, by virtue of his office, the authentic, that is the authoritative,
teacher of faith, as long as he continues in communion with the Apostolic See,
and as long as he adheres to the general teaching of the Church).
"°¡Å縯
±³È¸ ±³¸®¼"888-892Ç× ÂüÁ¶"
ÀúÀÚ : ·çµåºñÈ÷ ¿ÀÆ® ±³¼ö (Dr. Ludwig Ott)
¿øÀú¸í :
Grundriss der Katholischen Dogmatik Verlag Herder, Freiburg, Germany, 1952